Bilateral trade between Ukraine and the United States in recent years has been characterized by a steady upward trend, while the financial crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic has negatively affected the positive dynamics of bilateral relations.
According to the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, in the first 11 months of 2020, the total trade turnover between Ukraine and the United States decreased by 6.3% and amounted to 3.53 billion USD. The volume of export of goods from Ukraine to the United States decreased by 3.6% compared to the same period in 2019 and amounted to 0.87 billion USD. Imports of goods from the United States decreased by 10.5% and amounted to 2.66 billion USD.
The keystone of Ukrainian exports to the United States were ferrous metals and articles (62%), fats and oils of animal or vegetable origin (6.2%), ores, slags and ashes (3.4%), nuclear reactors and boilers (2.4%), machinery, electrical machinery (2.3%) and aircraft (2.3%).
Imports of American goods to Ukraine are more diversified. The largest items of American imports are land transport, except for rail (27.7%), fuel (21.4%), electrical machines (7.3%) and optical devices (4.3%). Also, the structure of American imports to Ukraine includes nuclear reactors, boilers, machines, printed materials, plastics, polymeric materials, seeds and fruits of oil plants, pharmaceutical products etc.
According to the results of 9 months of 2020, the volume of trade in services between Ukraine and the United States increased by 8.3% and amounted to 1,33 billion USD or 11.2% of the total volume of trade in services of Ukraine. Exports of services to the United States grew by 8.8% compared to the same period in 2019 and amounted to 1.01 billion USD or 12.3% of the total export of Ukrainian services. The main exports were telecommunications, computer and information services, transport and business services.
In contrast, the volume of imports of services from the United States decreased by 10% compared to the same period of 2019 and amounted to 330 million USD or 8.9% of total imports of services to Ukraine. The base of American imports were government, financial and business services.
The most promising areas for Ukrainian exporters are the supply of chemical products, food products, consumer goods industry products, engineering products to the United States, as well as the provision of transport, telecommunications and IT services.
Exporters and Investors Council (EIC) under the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine was established in 2013 in order to safeguard national interests in Ukrainian export promotion and attraction of foreign investments to Ukraine.
EIC is a platform, which unites Ukrainian producers, exporters and leading business associations providing necessary support in promoting their goods and services abroad and entering new markets, as well as attracting foreign investors and companies to Ukraine effectively using diplomatic tools, resources and networks.
The Head of the Council is the Minister for Foreign Affairs of Ukraine.
The National Investment Council of Ukraine is an institution that promotes investment and provides advisory solutions for investors. The institution offers priority investment projects support, investment environment improvement, guarantee of the protection of investors’ rights, and assessment in effective cooperation of investors with state authorities. The National Investment Council of Ukraine was founded in 2014 and is headquartered in Kyiv, Ukraine.
Ukraine Investment Promotion Office (UkraineInvest) was established on October 19, 2016 by a resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine as an independent advisory body with a mandate to attract and support foreign direct investment and to help improve Ukraine’s image as a secure investment destination.
When importing certain products from Ukraine, U.S. importers can take advantage of Ukraine’s eligibility for the U.S. Generalized System of Preferences (GSP) benefits. The GSP program allows 3,500 different products to enter the United States duty-free.
How do I know if the product is covered by GSP for Ukraine?
Goods marked "A" or "A*" on the list of GSP-eligible products are covered for Ukraine. See web site Office of the United States Trade Representative https://ustr.gov/ section: Issue Areas/ Preference Programs/Generalized System of Preferences (GSP)/GSP Program Information/GSP-Eligible Products.
What does an importer need to do to claim the GSP benefit?
The U.S. importer must claim GSP duty-free treatment by placing the special program indicator “A” for GSP in front of every U.S. tariff line number for which it wants to claim GSP duty-free benefits on U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) entry documentation. Millions of dollars of tariff benefits remain unclaimed each year. Don’t leave money on the table!
What other records and documents may be necessary to benefit from GSP?
Ukrainian exporters and U.S. importers should keep accurate production and accounting records that describe the production process and costs of production of each good exported under GSP. U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) relies on the importer’s attestation that the good meets the rules of origin requirements, but CBP has the authority to ask an importer or producer to provide records to prove that the export is eligible for GSP duty-free treatment.
Do Ukrainian products have to meet a rule of origin requirements to be eligible for GSP?
Yes. Either the product must be: 1) wholly the growth, product, or manufacture of Ukraine; or 2) if foreign inputs are used, the cost of the value of the materials produced in Ukraine plus the direct costs of processing operations performed in Ukraine must be 35% or more of the appraised value of the good at the time of entry into the United States.
Are there any special rules about how the products are shipped to the United States?
Yes. The good can either: 1) be directly shipped to the United States without passing through the territory of any other country; or 2) it can transit other countries, but it must not enter the commerce of another country while being shipped to the United States and shipping documents such as the invoice, bills of lading, and other shipping documents should show the United States as the final destination for the good.
More detailed information about using GSP can be found at the GSP section of the website Office of the United States Trade Representative https://ustr.gov/: Issue Areas/Preference Programs/Generalized System of Preferences (GSP).
The State Customs Service of Ukraine informs that from July 1, 2021, the provisions of paragraph 61 of Section XXI of the Customs Code of Ukraine on mandatory registration with the State Customs Service of Ukraine of non-residents who declare goods in Ukraine comes into force. According to part eight of Article 455 of the Customs Code of Ukraine, non-registration is a ground for refusal of customs clearance and passage across the customs border of Ukraine of goods, commercial vehicles.
According to the first part of Article 455 of the Customs Code of Ukraine, non-resident persons are subject to mandatory registration who are: declarants of goods, commercial vehicles, in the cases provided for in paragraph 4 of part two of Article 265 of the Customs Code of Ukraine (foreign carriers moving goods, commercial vehicles, transit through the territory of Ukraine); carriers of goods across the customs border of Ukraine and/or between customs offices in the territory of Ukraine or is a person responsible for such transportation (foreign carriers moving goods under customs control).
It is possible to register:
- when entering or leaving Ukraine by filling out the application form directly at the checkpoint and providing a copy of the registration certificate of a non-resident issued by the competent authority of the country of registration;
- by sending a completed application form by post to any customs office and providing a copy of the registration certificate issued by the competent authority of the country of registration;
- submit directly to any customs office a completed application form and a copy of the registration certificate issued by the competent authority of the country of registration, or submit these documents through an authorized person acting on the basis of a power of attorney from a nonresident, or through a customs clearance agent acting on the basis of an agreement between a non-resident and a Ukrainian customs broker.
Application form non-resident EN.docx can be filled in any language of official international communication. To speed up the processing of information, it is desirable to fill it in Ukrainian or English. After entering the data from the application into the information system of the customs service, a non-resident person will be assigned a temporary registration number within one hour.
Refusal to assign a temporary registration number is possible if: the application form does not contain all the required data; the non-resident is already registered.
The temporary registration number allows a non-resident person to carry out all customs formalities and procedures without restrictions. The non-resident shall be informed about the registration and assignment of the registration number within the following five working days.
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